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Beginning by at least age 16 the Transition Plan becomes a part of the IEP annual review process as a new “section” of the IEP. Student interests and strengths identified in the Transition Plan must in some way be incorporated into the rest of the annual IEP—specifically all annual goals in the IEP must support post-secondary goals and outcomes—and these same goals and outcomes should be considered by the IEP team when making service and LRE determinations.

Transition assessment and planning is done on an ongoing basis (at least annually) to identify and support the student’s needs for both current and post-secondary goals and activities which will be documented in the IEP.

Secondary transition planning is the process of preparing students for life after high school and includes planning for post-secondary education or training, employment, and independent living. Studies show that a large number of students receiving special education services do not pursue education or training beyond high school and, when compared to the general population, are not as successful in the workplace. Transition planning and corresponding programming helps to close this gap. Moreover, transition planning is required by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

IDEA Part 300.321 states that a child with a disability should participate as a member of the IEP team whenever appropriate. Additionally, this same part requires documentation that a transition age student (age 16-21) has been invited to any meeting where post-secondary goals and transition services are discussed. It does NOT require the student to attend the meeting, but when they are not present schools must take steps to consider the student’s preferences and interests.

While not required, it is ideal for transition age students to actively participate in their special education meetings and where appropriate influence the development of the IEP. From an early age schools should provide self-advocacy instruction and support that promotes a student’s understanding of their disability, strengths/needs, and IEP process so that they can better advocate for themselves and maximize independence.